List of operating systems
This is a list of notable operating systems. Operating systems can be categorized by technology, ownership, licensing, working state, usage, and by many other characteristics. In practice, many of these groupings may overlap. Criteria for inclusion is notability, as shown either through an existing Wikipedia article or citation to a reliable source.
Proprietary
- AEGIS :
- Domain/OS : One of the first network-based systems. Run on Apollo/Domain hardware. Later bought by Hewlett-Packard.
- Vikek OS :
- Kit-Apo OS : Bu Türkiye'de 12-15 yaşları arasında bir çocuk tarafından GameMaker ile yapılmış bir İşletim Sistemidir.(Tam işletim sistemi diyemeyiz :D)
For Apple II
For Apple III
- SOS (Sophisticated Operating System)
For Apple Lisa
For Apple Newton
Classic Mac OS
Unix-like operating systems
- Unics ("Ken's new system," for its creator (Ken Thompson), officially Unics and then Unix, the prototypic operating system created in Bell Labs in 1969 that formed the basis for the Unix family of operating systems)
Non-Unix Operating Systems:
- COS (Chippewa Operating System)
- SIPROS (for Simultaneous Processing Operating System)
- SCOPE (Supervisory Control Of Program Execution)
- MACE (Mansfield and Cahlander Executive)
- Kronos (Kronographic OS)
- NOS (Network Operating System)
- NOS/BE NOS Batch Environment
- EP/IX (Enhanced Performance Unix)
DataPoint
- CTOS Z-80 based, Cassette Tape Operating System for early desktop systems. Capable of up to 8 simultaneous users. Replaced by DataPoint DOS.
- DOS Intel 808x/80x86-based, Disk Operating Systems for desktop systems. Capable of up to 32 users per node. Supported a sophisticated network of nodes that were often purpose-built. The name DOS was used in these products login screens before it was popularized by IBM, Microsoft and others.
- Deos Time & Space Partitioned RTOS, Certified to DO-178B, Level A since 1998
- HeartOS Posix-based Hart Real-Time Operating System
Digital Research, Inc.
- MP/M Multi-user version of CP/M-80
- MP/M-86 Multi-user version of CP/M-86
- MP/M 8-16, a dual-processor variant of MP/M for 8086 and 8080 CPUs.
- Concurrent DOS, the successor of Concurrent CP/M-86 with PC-MODE
- Concurrent DOS 68K, a port of Concurrent DOS to Motorola 68000 CPUs with DOS source code portability capabilities
- FlexOS 1.0 - 2.x, a derivative of Concurrent DOS 286
- Multiuser DOS, the successor of Concurrent DOS 386
- (Datapac System Manager, a derivative of Multiuser DOS)
- (IMS REAL/32, a derivative of Multiuser DOS)
- (IMS REAL/NG, the successor of REAL/32)
- DOS Plus, 1.2 - 2.1, a single-user, multi-tasking system derived from Concurrent DOS 4.1 - 5.0
- DR DOS 3.31 - 6.0, a single-user, single-tasking native DOS derived from Concurrent DOS 6.0
Digital/Tandem Computers/Compaq/HP
- OSE Flexible, small footprint, high-performance RTOS for control processors
- OSEck Small footprint, scalable, high-performance RTOS for DSPs
- OSE ε Small footprint, scalable, high-performance RTOS for microcontrollers
- Google Chrome OS is designed to work exclusively with web applications. Announced on July 7, 2009, Chrome OS is currently publicly available and was released summer 2011. The Chrome OS source code was released on November 19, 2009 under the BSD license as Chromium OS.
- Android is an operating system for mobile devices. Android is based in Linux core.
- HP Real-Time Executive; ran on HP1000 series computers.
- HP Multi-Programming Executive; (MPE, MPE/XL, and MPE/iX) runs on HP 3000 and HP e3000 mini-computers.
- HP-UX; runs on HP9000 and Itanium servers - from small to mainframe-class computers.
- HP MIE (Mobile Internet Experience); ran on the HP Mini 100
- OLERT-E; Online Executive for Real Time. Ran on Honeywell DDP-516 computers.
- Multics
- GCOS
- HeartOS
- DEOS
- iRMX; real-time operating system originally created to support the Intel 8080 and 8086 processor families in embedded applications.
- ISIS-II; "Intel Systems Implementation Supervisor" was THE environment for development of software within the Intel microprocessor family in the early 1980s on their Intellec Microcomputer Development System and clones. ISIS-II worked with 8 inch floppy disks and had an editor, cross-assemblers, a linker, an object locator, debugger, compilers for PLM (PL/I for microprocessors of the 8080/86 family), a BASIC interpreter, etc. and allowed file management through a console.
On early IBM mainframes (1400, 1800, 701, 704, 709, 7090, and 7094)
On IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
- OS/360 and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
- OS/360 (first official OS targeted for the System/360 architecture),
Saw customer installations of the following variations:
- PCP (Primary Control Program, a kernel and a ground breaking automatic space allocating file system)
- MFT (original Multi-programming with a Fixed number of Tasks, replaced by MFT II)
- MFT II (Multi-Programming with a Fixed number of Tasks, had up to 15 fixed size application partitions, plus partitions for system tasks, initially defined at boot time but redefinable by operator command)
- MVT (Multi-Programming Variable Tasks, had up to 15 application regions defined dynamically, plus additional regions for system tasks)
- OS/VS (port of OS/360 targeted for the System/370 virtual memory architecture, "OS/370" is not correct name for OS/VS1 and OS/VS2, but rather refers to OS/VS2 MVS and MVS/SP Version 1),
Customer installations in the following variations:
- SVS (Single Virtual Storage, both VS1 & VS2 began as SVS systems)
- OS/VS1 (Operating System/Virtual Storage 1, Virtual-memory version of MFT II)
- OS/VS2 (Operating System/Virtual Storage 2, Virtual-memory version of OS/MVT but without multiprocessing support)
- MVS/SE (MVS System Extensions)
- MVS/SP (MVS System Product)
- MVS/XA (MVS/SP V2. MVS supported eXtended Architecture, 31-bit addressing)
- MVS/ESA (MVS supported Enterprise System Architecture, horizontal addressing extensions: data only address spaces called Dataspaces; a Unix environment was available starting with MVS/ESA V4R3)
- OS/390 (Upgrade from MVS, with an additional Unix environment)
- z/OS (OS/390 supported z/Architecture, 64-bit addressing)
- DOS/360 and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
- BOS/360 (early interim version of DOS/360, briefly available at a few Alpha & Beta System/360 sites)
- TOS/360 (similar to BOS above and more fleeting, able to boot and run from 2x00 series tape drives)
- DOS/360 (Disk Operating System (DOS), multi-programming system with up to 3 partitions, first commonly available OS for System/360)
- DOS/360/RJE (DOS/360 with a control program extension that provided for the monitoring of remote job entry hardware (card reader & printer) connected by dedicated phone lines)
- DOS/VS (First DOS offered on System/370 systems, provided virtual storage)
- DOS/VSE (also known as VSE, upgrade of DOS/VS, up to 14 fixed size processing partitions )
- VSE/SP (program product replacing DOS/VSE and VSE/AF)
- VSE/ESA (DOS/VSE extended virtual memory support to 32-bit addresses (Extended System Architecture)).
- z/VSE (latest version of the four decades old DOS lineage, supports 64-bit addresses, multiprocessing, multiprogramming, SNA, TCP/IP, and some virtual machine features in support of Linux workloads)
CP/CMS (Control Program/Cambridge Monitor System) and successors on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
- TPF Line (Transaction Processing Facility) on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes (largely used by airlines)
- Unix-like on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes
- Others on IBM S/360, S/370, and successor mainframes:
On IBM PC and Intel x86 based architectures
- PC DOS / IBM DOS
- PC DOS 1.x, 2.x, 3.x (developed jointly with Microsoft)
- IBM DOS 4.x, 5.0 (developed jointly with Microsoft)
- PC DOS 6.x, 7, 2000
On other IBM hardware platforms
- IBM Series/1
- EDX (Event Driven Executive)
- RPS (Realtime Programming System)
- CPS (Control Programming Support, subset of RPS)
- SerIX (Unix on Series/1)
- IBM 1800
- TSX (Time Sharing eXecutive)
- MPX (Multi Programming eXecutive)
- IBM 8100
- DPCX (Distributed Processing Control eXecutive)
- DPPX (Distributed Processing Programming Executive)
- AS/400, iSeries, System i, Power Systems i Edition
- J and MultiJob for the System 4 series mainframes
- GEORGE 2/3/4 GEneral ORGanisational Environment, used by ICL 1900 series mainframes
- Executive, used on the 290x range of minicomputers
- TME, used on the ME29 minicomputer
- ICL VME, including early variants VME/B VME/K, appearing on the ICL 2900 Series and Series 39 mainframes, implemented in S3.
LynuxWorks (originally Lynx Real-time Systems)
Micrium Inc.
- MicroC/OS-II (Small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel)
- MicroC/OS-III (Small pre-emptive priority based multi-tasking kernel, with unlimited number of tasks and priorities, and round robin scheduling)
- Xenix (licensed version of Unix; licensed to SCO in 1987)
- MSX-DOS (developed by MS Japan for the MSX 8-bit computer)
- MS-DOS (developed jointly with IBM, versions 1.0–6.22)
- Windows NT (Full 32-bit kernel, not dependent on MS-DOS)
- Windows NT 3.1 July 27, 1993
- Windows NT 3.5 September 21, 1994
- Windows NT 3.51 May 30, 1995
- Windows NT 4.0 July 31, 1996
- Windows 2000 (Windows NT 5.0), February 17, 2000
- Windows XP (Windows NT 5.1) October 25, 2001
- Windows Server 2003 (Windows NT 5.2) April 24, 2003
- Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs (based on Windows XP) July 8, 2006
- Windows Vista (Windows NT 6.0) January 31, 2007
- Windows Home Server (based on Windows Server 2003) February 28, 2008
- Windows Server 2008 (based on Windows Vista) February 28, 2008
- Windows 7 (Windows NT 6.1) October 22, 2009
- Windows Server 2008 R2 (based on Windows 7) October 22, 2009
- Windows Home Server 2011 (based on Windows Server 2008 R2) April 6, 2011
- Windows 8 Developers Preview (First downloadable release) September 14, 2011
- Windows CE (OS for handhelds, embedded devices, and real-time applications that is similar to other versions of Windows) May 30, 2002
- Singularity - A research operating system written mostly in managed code (C#) November 30, 2009
- Midori - A managed code operating system July 21, 2010
- Xbox and Xbox 360 OS custom operating systems May 12, 2005 and August 10, 2006
- MontaVista Linux
- MontaVista Professional Edition
- MontaVista Carrier Grade Edition
- MontaVista Mobilinux
- TMX - Transaction Management eXecutive
- NetWare network operating system providing high-performance network services. Has been superseded by Open Enterprise Server line, which can be based on NetWare or Linux to provide the same set of services.
- Open Enterprise Server, the successor to NetWare.
Quadros Systems
- RTXC Quadros RTOS proprietary C-based RTOS used in embedded systems
QANTEL
- BEST - Business Executive System for Timesharing
- TSOS, first OS supporting virtual addressing of the main storage and support for both timeshare and batch interface
RoweBots
- Xenix, Unix System III based distribution for the Intel 8086/8088 architecture
- Xenix 286, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80286 architecture
- Xenix 386, Unix System V Release 2 based distribution for the Intel 80386 architecture
- SCO Unix, SCO UNIX System V/386 was the first volume commercial product licensed by AT&T to use the UNIX System trademark (1989). Derived from AT&T System V Release 3.2 with an infusion of Xenix device drivers and utilities plus most of the SVR4 features
- SCO Open Desktop, the first 32-bit graphical user interface for UNIX Systems running on Intel processor-based computers. Based on SCO Unix
- SCO OpenServer 5, AT&T UNIX System V Release 3 based
- SCO OpenServer 6, SVR5 (UnixWare 7) based kernel with SCO OpenServer 5 application and binary compatibility, system administration, and user environments
- UnixWare
- UnixWare 2.x, based on AT&T System V Release 4.2MP
- UnixWare 7, UnixWare 2 kernel plus parts of 3.2v5 (UnixWare 2 + OpenServer 5 = UnixWare 7). Referred to by SCO as SVR5
SDS (Scientific Data Systems)
- Real Time Monitor (RTM)
- MPX-32
- PikeOS is a certified real time operating system for safety and security critical embedded systems
TRON Project
Unicoi Systems
- Fusion RTOS highly prolific, license free Real-time operating system.
- DSPOS was the original project which would become the royalty free Fusion RTOS.
UNIVAC (later Unisys)
Wang Laboratories
- 2200T Wang BASIC based system for the multi-user, 2200T systems. Products included a system called Personal Computer before the term was made more popular with IBM products.
- 2200VP/MVP Wang BASIC based system for the higher performance, 2200VP/MVP multi-user systems. Contained sophisticated micro-code programming for high performance operation.
- WPS Wang Word Processing System. Micro-code based system. Very clever and productive system developed by Harold Kaplow while at Wang. Eventually phased out by the PC and Word Perfect.
- OIS Wang Office Information System. Successor to the WPS. Combined the WPS and VP/MVP systems. Harold Kaplow was its principal architect. Eventually phased out by the 2200VS.
- 2200VS IBM assembler instruction set microcode emulation. Supported the Wang 2200VS high-performance, multi-user systems. Designed to be a COBOL developers dream machine. Included some of the OIS operating system code. Eventually phased out by the UNIX operating system.
Wind River Systems
- VxWorks Small footprint, scalable, high-performance RTO
Other
Lisp-based
Non-standard language-based
Other proprietary non-Unix-like
Other proprietary Unix-like and POSIX-compliant
- Aegis (Apollo Computer)
- Amiga Unix (Amiga ports of Unix System V release 3.2 with Amiga A2500UX and SVR4 with Amiga A3000UX. Started in 1989, last version was in 1992)
- CLIX (Intergraph's System V implementation)
- Coherent (Unix-like OS from Mark Williams Co. for PC class computers)
- DC/OSx (DataCenter/OSx was an operating system for MIPS based systems developed by Pyramid Technology)
- DG/UX (Data General Corp)
- DNIX from DIAB
- DSPnano RTOS (POSIX nanokernel, DSP Optimized, Open Source)
- INTERACTIVE UNIX (a port of the UNIX System V operating system for Intel x86 by INTERACTIVE Systems Corporation)
- IRIX from SGI
- MeikOS
- NeXTSTEP (developed by NeXT; a Unix-based OS based on the Mach microkernel)
- OS-9 Unix-like RTOS. (OS from Microware for Motorola 6809 based microcomputers)
- OS9/68K Unix-like RTOS. (OS from Microware for Motorola 680x0 based microcomputers; based on OS-9)
- OS-9000 Unix-like RTOS. (OS from Microware for Intel x86 based microcomputers; based on OS-9, written in C)
- OSF/1 (developed into a commercial offering by Digital Equipment Corporation)
- OpenStep
- QNX (POSIX, microkernel OS; usually a real time embedded OS)
- Rhapsody (an early form of Mac OS X)
- RISC iX - Derived from BSD 4.3, by Acorn computers, for their ARM family of machines.
- RISC/os (a port by MIPS of 4.3BSD to the RISC MIPS architecture)
- RMX
- SCO UNIX (from SCO, bought by Caldera who renamed themselves SCO Group)
- SINIX (a port by SNI of Unix to the RISC MIPS architecture)
- Solaris (Sun's System V-based replacement for SunOS)
- SunOS (BSD-based Unix system used on early Sun hardware)
- SUPER-UX (a port of System V Release 4.2MP with features adopted from BSD and Linux for NEC SX architecture supercomputers)
- System V (a release of AT&T Unix, 'SVR4' was the 4th minor release)
- System V/AT, 386 (The first version of AT&T System V UNIX on the IBM 286 and 386 PCs, ported and sold by Microport)
- Trusted Solaris (Solaris with kernel and other enhancements to support multilevel security)
- UniFLEX (Unix-like OS from TSC for DMA-capable, extended addresses, Motorola 6809 based computers; e.g. SWTPC, GIMIX, …)
- Unicos (the version of Unix designed for Cray Supercomputers, mainly geared to vector calculations)
- Unison RTOS (Multicore RTOS with DSP Optimization)
Non-proprietary
Research Unix-like and other POSIX-compliant
- BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution, a variant of Unix for DEC VAX hardware)
- FreeBSD (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of CSRG's 'BSD Unix')
- NetBSD (one of the outgrowths of UC Regents' abandonment of CSRG's 'BSD Unix')
- GNU
- μnix (concept unix-like operating system for ATMEL microcontrollers)
- Linux (GNU Free/Open Source Operating System Software combined with the Linux kernel)
- Darwin
- OpenSolaris, contains original Unix (SVR4) code. Now discontinued by Oracle in favor of Solaris 11 Express
- OpenIndiana, aims to continue development and distribution of OpenSolaris operating system. Operates under the Illumos Foundation. Uses the Illumos kernel, which is a derivative of OS/Net, which is basically a Solaris/OpenSolaris kernel with the bulk of the drivers, core libraries, and basic utilities.
- Nexenta OS, based on the OpenSolaris kernel with Ubuntu packages
- Jaris OS, based on OpenSolaris with support for Japanese
- RTEMS (Real-Time Executive for Multiprocessor Systems)
- SSS-PC, developed at Tokyo University
- Syllable Desktop
- VSTa
Other Unix-like
- TUNIS (University of Toronto)
Non-Unix-like
Research non-Unix-like
- Amoeba (research OS by Andrew S. Tanenbaum)
- Croquet
- HelenOS research and experimental operating system
- House Haskell User's Operating System and Environment, research OS written in Haskell and C.
- ILIOS Research OS designed for routing
- EROS microkernel, capability-based
- L4 Second generation microkernel
- Mach (from OS kernel research at Carnegie Mellon University; see NeXTSTEP)
- MONADS, capability-based OS designed to support the MONADS hardware projects
- SPEEDOS (Secure Persistent Execution Environment for Distributed Object Systems) builds on MONADS ideas
- Nemesis Cambridge University research OS - detailed quality of service abilities.
- Spring (research OS from Sun Microsystems)
- Star-Blade (multipurpose OS from Future Star Technologies Corporation)
- V from Stanford, early 1980s[3]
- FreeNOS, a microkernel educational operating system
- Genode "Operating System Framework" based on L4 microkernel
- FullPliant (programming language-based)
- FreeDOS (open source DOS variant)
- FreeVMS (open source VMS variant)
- Haiku (open source inspired by BeOS, under development)
- Kinetic (written in Haskell)
- MonaOS (written in C++)
- ReactOS (Windows NT-compatible OS; currently in early, but active development phase)
- OZONE (object-oriented)
- MustiOS (156-bits operating system)
- Cosmos (written in C#)
- RenrakuOS (a family of managed research kernels)
Disk Operating Systems
Network Operating Systems
Web operating systems
Generic/commodity and other
- BLIS/COBOL
- Bluebottle also known as AOS (a concurrent and active object update to the Oberon operating system)
- BS1000 by Siemens AG
- BS2000 by Siemens AG, now BS2000/OSD from Fujitsu-Siemens Computers (formerly Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme)
- BS3000 by Siemens AG (functionally similar to OS-IV and MSP from Fujitsu)
- FLEX9 (by TSC for Motorola 6809 based machines; successor to FLEX, which was for Motorola 6800 CPUs)
- GEM (windowing GUI for CP/M, DOS, and Atari TOS)
- GEOS (popular windowing GUI for PC, Commodore, Apple computers)
- JavaOS
- JNode JNode.org's OS written 99% in Java (native compiled), provides own JVM and JIT compiler. Based on GNU Classpath
- JX Java operating system that focuses on a flexible and robust operating system architecture developed as an open source system by the University of Erlangen.
- KERNAL (default OS on Commodore 64)
- MERLIN for the Corvus Concept
- MorphOS (Amiga compatible)
- MSP by Fujitsu (successor to OS-IV), now MSP/EX,[4] also known as Extended System Architecture (EXA), for 31-bit mode
- nSystem by Luis Mateu at DCC, Universidad de Chile
- NetWare (networking OS by Novell)
- Oberon (operating system) (developed at ETH-Zürich by Niklaus Wirth et al.) for the Ceres and Chameleon workstation projects.
- OSD/XC by Fujitsu-Siemens (BS2000 ported to an emulation on a Sun SPARC platform)
- OS-IV by Fujitsu (based on early versions of IBM's MVS)
- Pick (often licensed and renamed)
- PRIMOS by Prime Computer (sometimes spelled PR1MOS and PR1ME)
- Sinclair QDOS (multitasking for the Sinclair QL computer)
- SSB-DOS (by TSC for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; a variant of FLEX in most respects)
- SymbOS (GUI based multitasking operating system for Z80 computers)
- Symobi (GUI based modern micro-kernel OS for x86, ARM and PowerPC processors, developed by Miray Software; used and developed further at Technical University of Munich)
- TripOS, 1978
- TurboDOS (Software 2000, Inc.)
- UCSD p-System (portable complete programming environment/operating system/virtual machine developed by a long running student project at UCSD; directed by Prof Kenneth Bowles; written in Pascal)
- UMIX, made for the ICFP Programming Contest 2006.
- ScaraOS, a 32-bit mutiboot OS kernel for IA32
- VOS by Stratus Technologies with strong influence from Multics
- VOS by Hitachi for its IBM-compatible mainframes, based on IBM's MVS
- VM2000 by Siemens AG
- VisiOn (first GUI for early PC machines; not commercially successful)
- VPS/VM (IBM based, main operating system at Boston University for over 10 years.)
- aceos under GPL
- Miraculix Russian OS, under unknown license.
- ANDOS
- AO-DOS
- BASIS
- CSI-DOS
- DOSB10
- DX-DOS
- FA-DOS
- HC-DOS
- KMON
- MicroDOS
- MK-DOS
- NORD
- NORTON-BK
- RAMON
- PascalDOS
- RT-11
- ROM embedded
- RT-11SJ
- OS BK-11 (RT-11 version)
- Turbo-DOS
- BKUNIX
- OS/A WASP
Hobby
- AROS (AROS Research Operating System, formerly known as Amiga Research Operating System)
- AtheOS (branched to become Syllable Desktop)
- BareMetal OS (64-bit mono-tasking OS written in Assembly that includes SMP and Gigabit Ethernet support)
- DexOS (Games console OS, for x86, written in FASM)
- DSPnano RTOS FREE
- EROS (Extremely Reliable Operating System)
- eSTORM
- FAMOS (Foremost Advanced Memory Operating System)
- HelenOS, based on a preemptible microkernel design
- KolibriOS (a fork of MenuetOS)
- LSE/OS
- MenuetOS (extremely compact OS with GUI, written entirely in FASM assembly language)
- NewOS
- RoureXOS
- Unison RTOS FREE
- Visopsys (operating system for PC compatible computers)[5]
Embedded
Personal digital assistants (PDAs)
Digital media players
Smartphones
Routers
Other embedded
Capability-based
LEGO Mindstorms
Other capability-based
- Cambridge CAP computer operating system demonstrated the use of security capabilities, both in hardware and software, also a useful fileserver. Implemented in ALGOL 68C.
- Flex machine - The hardware was custom and microprogrammable, with an operating system, (modular) compiler, editor, * garbage collector and filing system all written in ALGOL 68.
- HYDRA - Running on the C.mmp computer at Carnegie Mellon University, implemented in the programming language BLISS.[8]
- KeyKOS nanokernel
- MONADS, designed to support the MONADS hardware projects.
- SPEEDOS builds on MONADS ideas
- V from Stanford, early 1980s[3]
- jiOS C event scheduler for Arduino Mega 1280. designed to support timed actions.
See also
Category links
- Operating systems
- Real-time operating systems
- Embedded operating systems
References
External links